视频加载中...Remote work has become the new norm, but despite studies showing remote work can increase productivity, some companies and organizations are introducing monitoring software to make sure their employees are working.远程工作已成为新常态，但是，尽管研究表明远程工作可以提高生产力，一些公司和组织正在引入监控软件来确保其员工工作。
It's called a bossware and it can track keyboard usage and eye movement, take screenshots of employees' screens and register websites visited.它被称为一款老板软件，可以跟踪键盘使用和眼球运动、拍摄员工屏幕的屏幕截图并注册访问的网站。
Jared Brown is the CEO of Hubstaff, a company that makes bossware.贾里德·布朗是Hubstaff的首席执行官，Hubstaff是一家生产老板软件的公司。
He says that about 4 to 8% of employees who work remotely use software that can imitate active work.他说，大约4%至8%的远程工作员工使用可以模仿主动工作的软件。
Hubstaff looks at several factors including mouse activity, keyboard activity, and that is really not what you're typing on the keyboard but are you typing on it so pressing any key it doesn't record which key it is.Hubstaff研究了几个因素，包括鼠标活动、键盘活动、实际上并不是你在键盘上输入内容时他记录按下哪个键。
Maybe there's a script that's opening the same tabs in a browser every 30 minutes, and it can detect that sort of thing.也许有一个脚本每30分钟就会在浏览器中打开相同的选项卡，并且它可以检测到此类事情。
But this kind of surveillance may have a negative effect.但这种监视可能会产生负面影响。
In a survey of more than 2,000 professionals by the job review site Glassdoor, just over 40% said they feel less productive when their employer monitors their work devices.在职位审查网站Glassdoor对2000多名专业人士进行的一项调查中，略高于40%的人表示，当雇主监控他们的工作设备时，他们会感到工作效率下降。
Human resources and recruiting expert Stephanie Alston says that flexible working schedules have led to increased productivity among employees, and that monitoring software decreases employee satisfaction.人力资源和招聘专家斯蒂芬妮·奥尔斯顿表示，灵活的工作时间表提高了员工的生产力，监控软件会降低员工满意度。
If we begin to start seeing across the board that companies are implementing these employee monitoring softwares, I can guarantee you that we will begin to see a mass exodus of employees.如果我们开始全面看到公司正在实施这些员工监控软件，我可以向您保证，我们将开始看到员工大规模流失。
As I mentioned earlier, there is data that shows that people actually overwork when they're working from home.正如我前面提到的，有数据表明，人们在家工作时实际上会过度工作。
Anita Williams Wooley, an organizational behavior professor at Carnegie Mellon University, cites the example of the US's patent office, which introduced employee monitoring in 2015.卡内基梅隆大学组织行为学教授安妮塔·威廉姆斯·伍利引用了美国专利局的例子，该公司于2015年引入了员工监控。
Despite an increase in productivity, staff turnover tripled, because employees didn't want to work under extreme supervision.尽管生产力有所提高，但员工流动率却增加了两倍，因为员工不想在监督下工作。
As a result the agency lost some of its top talents.结果，该机构失去了一些顶尖人才。
There's quite a bit of research showing that creativity and insight are facilitated by people having breaks at regular intervals or shifting.大量研究表明，人们定期休息或轮班可以促进创造力和洞察力。
Maybe doing something else are having an interaction with a colleague and then coming back to a problem, and so the traditional monitoring approaches might actually backfire.也许做其他事情是与同事互动，然后回到问题上，因此传统的监控方法实际上可能会适得其反。
But just like working from home, bossware may be here to stay.但就像在家工作一样，老板软件可能会继续存在。
According to a 2024 survey commissioned by Forbes' adviser, 43% of workers said their employer monitors their online activities with hybrid workers reporting a higher level of scrutiny.根据福布斯顾问委托进行的2024年调查，43%的员工表示，他们的雇主会监控他们的在线活动，而混合型员工则报告审查程度更高。
Maxim Adams VOA news Washington.VOA记者马克西姆·亚当斯华盛顿报道。